Scientists repeated the mtDNA test and, . Scientists repeated the mtDNA test and found an exact match. 42: . A second truck carried a detachment of Cheka agents to help move the bodies. [110], The bodies of the Romanovs and their servants were loaded onto a Fiat truck equipped with a 60 hp engine,[102] with a cargo area measuring 1.8 by 3.0 metres (6ft 10ft). [56] The following morning, four housemaids were hired to wash the floors of the Popov House and Ipatiev House; they were the last civilians to see the family alive. The Tsar, Empress Alexandria, their four daughters and one son were all believed to have perished. "All of them," replied Yakov Sverdlov. As they did so, they covered them in acid and buried them. Their four daughters were named Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia, and their son was named Alexei. Tsarina Alexandra and Grand Duchesses Olga and Tatiana of Russia, 1914. His research provided the basis for the book "The Murder of the Imperial Family. According to historian David Bullock, the Bolsheviks, falsely believing that the Czechoslovaks were on a mission to rescue the family, panicked and executed their wards. [69] Only seven of the 23 members of the Central Executive Committee were in attendance, three of whom were Lenin, Sverdlov and Felix Dzerzhinsky. . This enabled them to identify that nine people were buried in the grave. [99] While the bodies were being placed on stretchers, one of the girls cried out (some accounts say two or more) and covered her face with her arm. [112][113] Yurovsky ordered them at gunpoint to back off, dismissing the two who had groped the tsarina's corpse and any others he had caught looting. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. [184][185][186], A survey conducted by the Russian Public Opinion Research Center on 11 July 2018 revealed that 57% of Russians "believe that the execution of the Royal family is a heinous unjustified crime", while 29% said "the last Russian emperor paid too high a price for his mistakes". Readpart 2, More than 60 years earlier, Tsar Nicholas II. In one of the pairs, he had cytosine whereas the others had thymine. [3][5], Following the February Revolution in 1917, the Romanovs and their servants had been imprisoned in the Alexander Palace before being moved to Tobolsk, Siberia, in the aftermath of the October Revolution. True Story of the Romanovs Final Days & Death in The Crown - Town & Country [5], Yurovsky and five other men laid out the bodies on the grass and undressed them, the clothes piled up and burned while Yurovsky took inventory of their jewellery. The mtDNA in the remains matched Prince Philip. [28] Princess Helen of Serbia visited the house in June but was refused entry at gunpoint by the guards,[52] while Dr Vladimir Derevenko's regular visits to treat Alexei were curtailed when Yurovsky became commandant. Nikolai Sokolov devoted his whole life to collecting documents and evidence relating to the murder of the Romanovs. Uncovered documents in Archive No. Filipp Goloshchyokin arrived in Moscow on 3 July with a message insisting on the Tsar's execution. [101][102], While Yurovsky was checking the victims for pulses, Ermakov walked through the room, flailing the bodies with his bayonet. [79] At 8 pm, Yurovsky sent his chauffeur to acquire a truck for transporting the bodies, along with rolls of canvas to wrap them in. [16] In 2007, a second, smaller grave which contained the remains of the two Romanov children missing from the larger grave, was discovered by amateur archaeologists;[17][13] they were confirmed to be the remains of Alexei and a sistereither Anastasia or Mariaby DNA analysis. [32] They also listened to the Romanovs' records on the confiscated phonograph. Around midnight on 17 July, Yurovsky ordered the Romanovs' physician, Eugene Botkin, to awaken the sleeping family and ask them to put on their clothes, under the pretext that the family would be moved to a safe location due to impending chaos in Yekaterinburg. [166] Unlike the imperial family, the bodies at Alapayevsk and Perm were recovered by the White Army in October 1918 and May 1919 respectively. Your Native Language May Wire the Brain in Unique Ways, Wooded Grasslands Flourished in Africa 21 Million Years Ago New Research Forces a Rethink of Ape Evolution, The Worlds First Named Author Was a Woman, A Wandering Mind is Part of Our Evolution. And how could they further confirm the Tsars identity and convince skeptics? The basement room chosen for this purpose had a barred window which was nailed shut to muffle the sound of shooting and in case of any screaming. Haunting last picture before execution of the boy born to be Russia's tsar The Nagant operated on old black gunpowder which produced a good deal of smoke and fumes; smokeless powder was only just being phased in. [60], When Yurovsky replaced Aleksandr Avdeev on 4 July,[61] he moved the old internal guard members to the Popov House. [74], On 14 July, Yurovsky was finalizing the disposal site and how to destroy as much evidence as possible at the same time. Scientists were eager to solve the mystery, but it wasnt going to be easy. In the 1970s, a geologist named Alexander Avdonin, who had heard rumors about the site of the Romanovs grave his entire life, began asking others for information about its location. [114] Yurovsky's men ate hardboiled eggs supplied by the local nuns (food that was meant for the imperial family), while the remainder of Ermakov's men were ordered back to the city as Yurovsky did not trust them and was displeased with their drunkenness. "It's all over," he answered. Meanwhile, Bolsheviks went on amurder spree, killing every Romanov family member and associate they could get their hands on. As the Bolsheviks gathered strength, the government moved Nicholas, Alexandra, and their daughter Maria to Yekaterinburg under the direction of Vasily Yakovlev in April 1918. Finally, they dug another shallow grave, and, after abusing the corpses even more, buried all but two of the family members. [188] There is a widespread legend that the remains of the Romanovs were completely destroyed at the Ganina Yama during the ritual murder and a profitable pilgrimage business developed there. How Tsar Nicholas II and his family were murdered out of the jurisdiction of Yekaterinburg and Perm province). The bodies had been dumped together, and they decomposed over time, leaving behind disorganized bone fragments. [129] The pit revealed no traces of clothing, which was consistent with Yurovsky's account that all the victims' clothes were burned. Afterwards, an excavation began when the geologist revealed the hidden grave, and the remains were given to scientists for DNA testing.
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