Infestation of cowpea with S. gesnerioides was in the order of Northern Guinea savanna > Sudan savanna > Southern Guinea savanna. The vegetation belt in Nigeria is divided into two: the forest and savannah ecological zones. Also read: What Countries have Temperate Climates? Historically, the name was understood to denote the western part of the Sahel region. There are always observable features to differentiate these four climates. Forest trees such as Kaya, iroko, Obeche, Opepe are useful in construction and as ornamental pieces. This zone is potentially perfect for growing of rich crops of different vegetables and small grain crops, and just a good place for pastures. This study analysed rainfall trend and variability in Sudan savannah region of Nigeria from 1956 to 2018. Legit.ng recently explored the main economic problems plaguing Nigeria. They are also multi-tiered, but less dense, the underbrush is difficult to access. Types of Savanna in Nigeria - nigerianfinder.com These are the so-called dry tropical forests. May to October with an estimated total production of 8.5 million tones (12). Forest vegetation has trees as the most important feature. The high number of tall trees with the lianas make exploration of these areas very difficult. However, constant cutting and burning out of crop plots led to a drastic reduction in the area of forests which now occupy about one-third of the territory. The vegetation in this zone largely depends on the coastal location of the region. vegetation-type known as derived savanna. There are 6 vegetation zones in Nigeria. Sudan Savanna Below there is the map of Nigeria showing vegetation belts. Farms And Ranches For Sale Near To Bryan, Tx, Therefore, a study was conducted in the wet season of 2006 at the Dry Land Teaching and Research Farm of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to evaluate the effect of phosphorus on the growth and yield of two cowpea varieties sourced from Republic of Niger. Covering the North-West and almost the entire North of Nigeria and the borders of Niger Republic is the Sudan Savannah. Some of them have twisted trunks from fires that happen yearly. Next to them, you can meet the palms of doom, the whale, the whitish acacia, which sheds the leaves in the wet season, and during the draught is covered with fresh leaves serving as food for animals. Vegetation reflects environmental conditions, so we need to be very attentive to the changes, especially radical ones. There are three major savannahs in Nigeria. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. About 68% of all fields sampled were infested, about 75% of compound fields and 60% of bush fields. The states of Jigawa, Kano, Katsina, Zamfara, Sokoto, and Kebbi are found in this zone. The leaves of the candelabra-shaped pandanus are a perfect material for weaving mats and baskets. Sudan Savanna In Nigeria, It is a common sight to see the grasses in the Guinea savanna looking green and fresh during the rainy season and then brown and dry during the dry season. Nigeria is the continent's leading consumer and a major importer of rice ( FAO, 2017 ). The term vegetation simply means plants that cover or grow in a certain area. Plants such as Acacia raddiana, African myth, Ngibbi, and Leptadenia can be found growing here. . The mangrove swamp forest region occupies much of Nigeria's southern coast. 4371 Glenwood Apartments, The Sudan Savannah is a wide belt of tropical savanna running across Africa south of the Sahel, separated into east and west ecoregions by the Cameroon Highlands. Sudan | Geographical Region & History | Britannica After the Nubian empire had been overrun by Muslims, it was replaced by kingdoms such as those of Dongola, Darfur, and Funj. JavaScript is disabled for your browser. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. The trees in the Guinea savanna do not blossom during a part of the dry season. 2. This vegetation type is limited to the high mountain plateau of Nigeria. And because the sea is close by, its salt water influences the nature of this region. And then the dry season lasts more than six to seven months. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. Naturally, their characteristics reflect the climatic conditions in the particular area. Precipitation here is between 500-1000 mm per annum with a period of dryness lasting between 6-7 calendar months per year. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The term derives from the Arabic bild al-sdn ("land of the black peoples") and has been in use from at least the 12th century. The following objectives were used, which are to: i. Analyze rainfall trend in the. Antelope is up to 3 dozen of species. This method is not only labour intensive, expensive and strenuous, but can also cause mechanical damage to growing branches and roots of plants. Ondo, Kwara, Osun, and Oyo states, some Southwestern states are the states where the Guinea savanna can be found in Nigeria. The trees here grow up to a height of about 15m. The Sudan savanna is a savanna that consists of low grasses, scrubs, and quite several amazing short trees. The top layer of trees consists of a great number of plants that grow higher than 30 meters. The ecoregions land area is provided in units of 1,000 hectares. Your email address will not be published. Spatial patterns of climatic variability and water budget over Sudan Savannah Region of Nigeria. In the Nigerian savanna and forests, various animals affect. Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria, Peter Obi Meets Tinubu? These crops include corn, millet, groundnut, and sorghum, among others. Nigeria has six vegetation zones, each with unique definitive characteristics. This area is characterized by sand, mud, and silt materials. In 1591 the Songhai towns of Gao, Timbuktu, and Djenn (all in modern Mali) were occupied by Moroccan troops eager to control both the lucrative caravan traffic and the long-established trade in gold. This vegetation zone can be seen from the Niger-Benin Republic border. Required fields are marked *. The vegetation of Nigeria is diverse, in the far north and east, where there is almost no rain, the so-called Sahel (deserted) extends. We use cookies and similar technologies to ensure our website works properly, personalize your browsing experience, analyze how you use our website, and deliver relevant ads to you. Their roots are tap roots. 1979 Aug;73(4):311-5. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1979.11687264. vegetation-type known as derived savanna. In Nigeria, the observable or well-known geographical features include the Obudu Plateau, Adamawa highlands, Jos Plateau, Mambilla Plateau, the Niger Delta basin, the Niger River and River Benue. There are many vegetation zones in Nigeria, but we will look at the major vegetation zones, as seen in many parts of the country. This means that vegetation is the type of plant that covers a particular area. PAY ATTENTION: Click See First under the Following tab to see Legit.ng News on your Facebook News Feed! Phosphorus was applied at rate of 0 or 20 kg P ha 1. Natural resources and natural vegetation of Nigeria are favorable for economic activity. It supports a large number of migrant bird species such as the Grey Heron, white-necked stork, Green Fruit Pigeon, etc. Groups of trees such as the drought-resistant kaya, Isoberlinia, Mitragina feature here. About 6.7 million Mg of rice paddy, that is the grain before dehulling, was produced from 3300,000 ha in 2014 ( FAOSTAT, 2016 ). Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. The farmers there grow crops that can yield and produce well during drought and dry seasons. Later there was invasion from Egypt and, in 1899, the establishment of the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium. Giant eland are less susceptible to poachers than other more sedentary and less wary antelope species, but have been almost completely eliminated from Sudan. You can find the Sudan savanna in the Northwestern, Northeastern, and North Central states in Northern Nigeria. This vegetation is characterized by very short rainfall which is followed by an intense long dry season. The savanna region in Nigeria plays a vital role in the Nigerian economy. The plots of these savannas alternate with the park savannas and border the banks of the rivers with gallery forests. Movement across the grasslands is generally uninterrupted, especially during the dry season, and the continuity of a similar environment along the southern boundaries of the Sahara for vast distances has encouraged people to move from the north and east from early times. Nigeria is a country of forests and savannahs. About 68% of all fields sampled were infested, about 75% of compound fields and 60% of bush fields. Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment. They do not only provide food for animals, but they also provide food for humans. Types of Vegetation in Nigeria and Zones (2023) Mangrove vegetation depends on the coastal location of the zone, constant influence of saltish sea water. In the north of the forest zone the annual amount of precipitation does not exceed 1600 mm, the conditions for forest growth are deteriorating. Another important thing the savanna does for us is that the savanna provides wood used for construction. All of them produce ornamental and construction timber. These zones are defined by the prevalent climatic conditions in the areas they occupy, with each being suitable for different economic activities. And this is responsible for the low vegetation in these areas. Various mangrove vegetation in Nigeria is sustained due to the condition of the Saline Water. Savanna or Sudan climate is a transitional type of climate found between the equatorial forests & trade wind hot deserts. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "aa5d5c9d9a6bf8631f8e1775ffcb9ee8" );document.getElementById("a709592583").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); For Sponsorship opportunities, kindly reach out to us through our email or what's app link via the contact us page. A few of them have twisted trunks. Groups of trees rise above the grassy sea: drought-resistant kaya, isoberlinia, mitragina. Leaves of the raffia palm are used for roofing houses while its trunks are used by rafters. Infestation of crop fields by Striga species in the savanna zones of Nigerian savanna awakens. The Sudanian savanna is a broad belt of tropical savanna that runs east and west across the African continent, from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Ethiopian Highlands in the east. Savanna or Sudan climate is a transitional type of climate found between the equatorial forests & trade wind hot deserts. African wild dog. Sahel, Arabic Sil, semiarid region of western and north-central Africa extending from Senegal eastward to Sudan. This study is aimed to detect weed hosts of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) in field-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Sudan savanna regions (Gombe, Jigawa and Kano states) of Nigeria during 2017 and 2018 dry and wet seasons. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. Precipitation pe year here is 1000-1400 mm on the average. Top 8. When classifying the trees in this area, some of them, like the drought-resistant kaya, Isoberlinia, and mitragina, stand above the grasses. In the past, a large part of the country was covered with dense tropical rainforests. The corresponding term for plants is flora. The Niger Delta is widely considered one of the richest ecosystems in the world. The black rhinoceros will be re-introduced in Chad after being extirpated from this ecoregion decades ago along with the northern white rhino. This vegetation area is characterized by tall trees. Sudan, the vast tract of open savanna plains extending across Africa between the southern limits of the Sahara (desert) and the northern limits of the equatorial rain forests. Mangroves are a type of forest vegetation usually seen before the Atlantic Ocean. These zones have varying annual rainfall, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and predominant vegetation. Leaves of raffia palm are roofing material, trunks go to rafters. The grass reaches a great height, in which not only a man, but also a large animal can hide. The reason these crops are suitable to be grown in the Sudan savanna is that they do not require much rainfall. It is a common site to see herds of sheep, cattle and goats grazing on the vast pastures. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The Peloton business model and How much Peloton instructors make? History, current status, and prospects of soybean production and That explains why as you travel around the country, you will see that the vegetations are not the same. The Mangrove vegetation region is an ecological belt found in the Nigerian areas bordering the Atlantic Ocean. UNESCO, Paris. Sudan (region) - Wikipedia It forms a transitional zone between the arid Sahara (desert) to the north and the belt of humid savannas to the south. The most precious vegetation in Nigerian forests are kaya and sapel, iroko and opepe, agba and obche. The western block stretches from the Nigeria/Cameroon border through Chad and the Central African Republic to western Sudan.
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