For amendments, 10 % of the total qualified electors of the state (MT CONST Art. Cure period for insufficient signatures: If signatures are determined to be insufficient, an additional 10 days is allowed to gather additional signatures (Const. Some states require a referendum on bond issues; and among local governments, the obligatory referendum is widespread for bond issues, tax questions, and related matters. 22-24-414). 116.334). Art. Monthly reports are due on the 10th for any preceding month in which total contributions received or total expenditures made exceed $200. Colorado and Nevada require a simple majority for statutory measures only. What is on each petition: Petition must include full and correct title and text of the law (Const. Const. 2, 9). 34-1812c, Maine: 21-A M.R.S.A. See also 21-A MRS 904-A, the repealed provision that prohibited payment per signature. 5, 1; C.R.S.A. Other subject restrictions: If there are insufficient state funds and the measure does not provide a source, it is effective 45 days after next regular legislative session (M.R.S.A. 23-17-43. Art. XVI, 5(b) and Elec. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Political committee must file a statement of organization. They are an effort to ensure that petition signers do not represent just the interests of heavily populated areas. 48, Init., Pt. Arizona (Const. Public review or notice: Public may comment on public and internet posting of measure by attorney general for 30 days and then proponents may amend the measure (Cal.Elec.Code 9002). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Utah Code 20A-7-303(3)). Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: File a written request including the voter's name, residence address and signature with the appropriate county elections official prior to the day the petition is filed (Elec. Art. Art. Art. Secretary of state, revisor of statutes and attorney general, M.G.L.A. Art. And requires full disclosure of campaign staffers (21-A MRSA 1051 et. N.R.S. A meeting of party members in which nominees are selected informally. III, 4), Timeline for taking effect: Ten days (Ne.Rev.St. 72.130). Repeal or change restrictions: The legislature shall not have the power to repeal a referendum measure passed by a majority of the voters (Const. Code 84101). a. the fact that unlike Nixon, Kennedy hired a professional political consultant. 19, 3; N.R.S. Petitions are deemed invalid if signatures are gathered in violation (ORC 3501.381). You have to be enrolled in order to vote in a referendum. It occurs when policy questions go directly to the voters for a decision. . Art. 1953 20A-7-203). candidate must win __________ to win an election. Stat. Timeline for collecting signatures: For direct initiatives, six months to collect (submit proposed measure within 10 months with deadline to submit four months out from the general election). A statewide special election may be called for amendments (M.C.L.A. Const. Repeal or change restrictions: No veto by governor. Who creates petitions: Lieutenant governor (Const. 5, 3). 21 1 and CV160314-SA), Other subject restrictions: If includes expenditures, must also include sufficient increased revenue sources that cannot come from general fund (A.R.S. In every state, a constitutional amendment requires a vote of approval. New Latin, from Latin, neuter of referendus, gerundive of referre to refer, Dictionary lookups from politics, civil court, and the world of disease. The chief petitioners may withdraw at any time before submitting the total number of signatures for verification. Who can sign the petition: Legal voters of the state of Oklahoma (34 Okl.St.Ann. A criminal records check is completed. Lieutenant governor forwards petitions that are qualified for the ballot to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, which drafts an impartial title of not more than 100 words summarizing the contents of the proposal. 3519.01 and 3519.05(C). None specified for title, and summary "prepared by the person authorized by law. For statutory initiatives, 6% of total votes cast for all candidates for governor in last general election. S127 was deleted in its entirety, meaning that Aboriginals could now be counted towards the population of the Commonwealth. Legislature or other government official review: General assembly members opposing the amendment may prepare or designate others to prepare a brief argument against such amendment, submitted to attorney general (5 ILCS 20/2). II, 1a; 1b). Art. Art. For direct initiatives, proponents collect signatures and place the measure directly on the ballot once its certified and verified. Art. Code 9001). Petition title and summary creation: Proponents (U.C.A. Some states place restrictions on how sponsors may pay petition circulators. Semiannual statements of contributions and expenditures are due July 31 and January 31 (Govt. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (W.S.1977 22-24-323). Laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, Acts that become effective earlier than 90 days after the end of the session, Such laws as may be necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, or laws necessary for the support of the state government and its existing public institutions, Const. Steps for an Initiative to become Law Write the text of the proposed law (initiative draft). Fiscal review: Office of Fiscal and Program Review prepares (1 M.R.S.A. Referendum and initiative | Definition, Forms, History, & Facts 29. California: Proponents may request review by secretary of state and from the Office of Legislative Council. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on the 21st and seventh days immediately preceding an election and the 10th day of the first full month after an election. 2, 9). Must be a true and impartial statement of the purpose of the measure (MCL 168.482b and 168.22e). For direct constitutional amendments, a timeline beginning on Sept. 1 before the general election it is to be voted upon and ends on the third Tuesday of June of an even-numbered year. 2, 3; Const. The post-World War II constitutions of France and Italy made popular referenda obligatory for constitutional amendments. Where to file: State Board of Election Commissioners (Const. 8. Which election: Biennial general election (Const. The full title and text of the measure must be attached to each signature sheet (Const. 4, 2; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. a. a referendum. Art. The attorney general reviews the ballot title after signed petitions are turned in (34 Okl.St.Ann. Number of signatures required: 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election (IC 34-1805). Art. The ballot initiative process gives California citizens a way to propose laws and constitutional amendments without the support of the Governor or the Legislature. A referendum is a process for constitutional change in which proposal is voted on by the public. Art. Art. Fourteen states do not have any process for withdrawal: Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Utah, Washington and Wyoming. Once an initiative is on the ballot, the general requirement for passage is a majority vote, though there are exceptions. 34, 25). Five years on any measure that is "substantially the same as that defeated by" the previous measure. 168.32). They may also submit their own alternative ballot measure to the people if different but under the same subject area. 106.19, 100.371, 120.54), Who creates petitions: Approved by secretary of state (F.S.A. IV, 1; O.R.S. 19-121), Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state, approved by attorney general (A.R.S. Const. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Either the sponsor or circulator in accordance with W.S. Stat. Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: A committee formed to support or oppose a ballot measure must register by filing a statement of organization with the Ethics Commission when its contributions or expenditures exceed $1,000 (Ethics Commission rules 2.79 and 2.80). L-04, 2011 WL 1130010, July 5, 2011). See Elec. 250.045; 250.048). V, 1(3)). Sponsors draft summary and submit to board of state canvassers for approval. IV, pt. Verification: Secretary of state verifies with help of county clerks. It fails if under 90 % and qualifies if at least 100 % (N.R.S. Payment on a per-signature basis prohibited. Const. V, 3; 34 Okl.St.Ann. Art. Art. 5, 1), Single subject rule: Yes (Cal.Const. Const. Art. A simplified explanation of the initiative process follows. 3, 17). Art. LXXXI, 4). 3, 1 and Const. Public review or notice: Fiscal statement summary available at polling places, secretary of states office, and Office of Demographic and Economic Researchs website. Of course, in some of the above states, timelines concerning filing, signature gathering and deadlines for signatures and the indirect initiative process may impose limits not otherwise spelled out in statute. The initiative and referendum process enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Rev. 14, 3 and 10 ILCS 5/28-9), Collected in-person: Yes (10 ILCS 5/28-3), Withdrawal process of individual signature: By written request before submission of the petition to state board of elections or an officer with whom filing of the petition is required (10 ILCS 5/28-3). 250.045). 4 1, Part 1(6B), (6C) and (6D). The ballot must include a clear and concise statement as to the effect of a yes or no vote. If a petition is declared insufficient but has at least 75% of the required signatures in total and in at least 15 counties, sponsors may have an additional 30 days to gather more signatures. CONST. Art. 5, 57; Art. For statutes: If not passed by the legislature within 40 days, it is placed on the next general election's ballot. Const. c. split ticketing. Art. . Four states require measures to pass with a majority of voters, but the measures must also have been voted upon by a certain percentage of the total number of voters who voted in that election. 3. The first state to adopt the initiative was South Dakota in 1898. Ten states have at least one government official draft or review the petition title and/or summary. Five states impose an additional threshold. 34-1813). Fiscal review: Prepared by the office of financial management, in consultation with the secretary of state, the attorney general, and any other appropriate state or local agency (RCWA 29A.72.025). 34-1807, 34-1705). Const. Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. 10% of the votes cast in the last general election in each of three-fourths of the counties, or 25% to suspend operation of the act until the operation, 3% of the votes cast for the office of governor in the last election in half of the counties. Art. C.R.S.A. Rev. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No additional other than deadlines, Majority to pass: Yes (MT CONST Art. But if insufficient funds for the measure, it is effective 45 days after the next convening regular legislative session. 2, 9; Const. 1051, 1052, 1052-A, 1053-B, 1054, 1054-A, 1055, 1055-A, 1056, 1056-A, 1056-B, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1062-A, 1062-B, Massachusetts: M.G.L.A. Which election: General election, or at a special election ordered by the general assembly (Const. 3, 1; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. d. the McCain-Feingold Act. States also decide which election a ballot measure will be voted on and any time restrictions before a measure is placed on a ballot. III, 8). The ballot title may be distinct from the title of the law that is the subject of the petition (Utah Code 20A-7-308). 1-40-109). What Is Brexit? For indirect statute petitions, the legislature has 40 session days to pass or reject the unchanged or unamended measure. XLVII, Pt. The circulator must also register with the secretary of state and complete a training program specified by the secretary (OR Rev. For statute initiatives, no later than three months prior to the election the measure is to be voted upon, and must submit to the county officials no sooner than nine months and no later than four weeks prior to the final deadline. Attorney general prepares explanatory statements. No amendatory law adopted in accordance with this provision shall be subject to referendum. If attorney general does not approve the statement, he or she prepares one. In a(n) _________, only members of the political party selecting nominees may vote. Corrections? 40. Considered a committee if individual raises or spends more than $5,000. Attorney general writes title and summary if original is challenged in court (F.S.A. Art. The secretary of state must write the question in a clear, concise and direct manner that describes the subject matter of the peoples veto or direct initiative as simply as is possible (MRS tit. c. No one could be denied suffrage on the basis of race or gender. Must include a warning about unlawful signing, a circulator affidavit and a notification as to whether the circulator is paid or volunteer. VI, Subpt. Proponents must file reports of payments made to signature gatherers (IC 67-6612). Art. Collected in-person: Yes, in the presence of the circulator (IC 34-1807). VI). In 2021, Idaho passed, Collected in-person: Yes (I.C. 22-24-401, Laws related to dedications of revenue, appropriations, local or special legislation or laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety.
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